Measuring Tape Metal
At one point in your life, someone asked you to help them by holding the end of the measuring tape. Maybe you noticed this tiny bit of metal there as well. There are several reasons why it exists. First of all, this lets you wrap it around a nail when you are working by yourself. Aside from that, the edge is also serrated, which is a useful feature when you want to leave a mark on the surface.

Measuring Tape Metal
Pen Cap Holes
There is nothing with your pen cap even if a hole exists there. This was actually added by design! It was added there to ensure that air can still flow even if it has been swallowed by the person using it. We are glad that they decided to add such a feature because so many people like chewing on pen caps.

Pen Cap Holes